Description
As power requirements for portable devices increase, consumers are looking for easy-to-use charging solutions that can be deployed in a wide array of environments such as home, office, automobiles, airports, schools and more. Wireless charging uses an electromagnetic field to transfer energy between two objects. This is usually done with a charging station. Energy is sent through an inductive coupling to an electrical device, which can then use that energy to charge batteries or run the device.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
- PROBLEM STATEMENT
- AIM/OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
- APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
- SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
- METHODOLOGOLY
- PROJECT ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY
2.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF INDUCTION
2.3 REVIEW INDUCTIVE (MAGNETIC) COUPLING
2.4 GENERAL APPLICATION OF AN INDUCTIVE COUPLING
2.5 OVERVIEW OF AN INDUCTOR
2.6 INDUCTOR CONSTRUCTION REVIEW
2.7 INDUCTOR CONSTRUCTION REVIEW
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY
3.1 SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
3.3 DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
3.4 SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.4.1 TRANSMITTING CIRCUIT
3.4.2 RECEIVING CIRCUIT
3.5 CIRCUIT OPERATION
3.6 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.6 DESCRIPTION OF ELECTRONICS COMPONENTS USED
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULT ANALYSIS
4.0 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
4.1 CASING AND PACKAGING
4.2 ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
4.3 TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
4.4 COST ANALYSIS
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 CONCLUSION
5.1 RECOMMENDATION
5.2 REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
Inductive power transfer (also known as wireless power transfer) uses an electromagnetic field to transfer energy between two objects. This is usually done with a charging station. Energy is sent through an inductive coupling to an electrical device, which can then use that energy to charge batteries or run the device [1].
Wireless Power Transmission from the time of Tesla has been an underdeveloped technology. For the wireless power distribution system Tesla always tried his best to introduce this technology for whole world. But he was unable to complete this task, because of lack of funding and technology of that time [3].
This device use an induction coil to create an alternating electromagnetic field from within a charging base, and a second induction coil in the portable device takes power from the electromagnetic field and converts it back into electric current to charge the battery. The two induction coils in proximity combine to form an electrical transformer [4]. Greater distances between sender and receiver coils can be achieved when the inductive charging system uses resonant inductive coupling. Recent improvements to this resonant system include using a movable transmission coil (i.e. mounted on an elevating platform or arm) and the use of other materials for the receiver coil made of silver plated copper or sometimes aluminium to minimize weight and decrease resistance due to the skin effect.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
There were many difficulties in past which were faced by designers and engineers like, the continuity of supplied power, recharging batteries, optimizing the location of sensors, and dealing with rotating or moving parts. So, we needed a technology by which we can overcome these challenges and wireless power transmission is such a considerable technology for these challenges [5]. The invention of this device brought solution to problem seen in the wired mobile charger and introduces the following advantages [6]:
- Protected connections – No corrosion when the electronics are all enclosed, away from water or oxygen in the atmosphere. Less risk of electrical faults such as short circuit due to insulation failure, especially where connections are made or broken frequently.
- Low infection risk – For embedded medical devices, transmission of power via a magnetic field passing through the skin avoids the infection risks associated with wires penetrating the skin.
- Durability – Without the need to constantly plug and unplug the device, there is significantly less wear and tear on the socket of the device and the attaching cable.
- Increased convenience and aesthetic quality – No need for cables
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
The aim of this project is to design a wireless power transmission system using inductive coil is to charge a low power device using wireless power transmission. This is done using charging a resonant coil from AC and then transmitting subsequent power to the resistive load.
The objectives of the study are:
- To build the system prototype
- To charge a low power device quickly and efficiently by inductive coupling.
- To allow power to be transferred from one electrical network to another without the need for wires or exposed contacts.
- To provide a means of charging difference portable devices.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
Convenience: Wireless power transfer eliminates the need for physical cords and cables, making it more convenient for users. You can place your device on a charging pad, and it starts charging without the hassle of plugging and unplugging cables.
Reduced Wear and Tear: Since no physical connectors are involved, charging ports and cables have less wear and tear. This can extend the lifespan of devices, especially those with delicate or frequently used charging ports.
Safety: Wireless power transfer systems are designed with safety in mind. They often include temperature monitoring and foreign object detection to prevent overheating or damage. This can reduce the risk of electrical accidents or fires.
Waterproofing and Durability: Some wireless charging technologies, like inductive charging, can be implemented with waterproof and durable materials, making them suitable for outdoor and rugged applications.
Flexibility: Wireless power transfer can work through various materials, such as wood, plastic, and glass. This allows for more flexibility in the design and placement of charging pads.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
The scope of this work covers building a wireless charger using inductor (coil) which is one of the effective ways to transfer power between points without the use of conventional wire system. Wireless power transmission is effective in areas where wire system is unreachable or impossible. The power is transferred using inductive coupling, resonant induction or electromagnetic wave transmission depending on whether its short range, mid-range or high range.
In this project, the wireless power transfer works mainly on the principle of inductive coupling, using inductor at the transmitting and receiving side of the circuits. With this inductive coupling idea, we are trying to transfer power wirelessly to charge low power devices, such as mobile phones, cameras, wireless mouse etc.
1.6 METHODOLOGY
To achieve the aim and objectives of this work, the following are the steps involved:
- Study of the previous work on the project so as to improve it efficiency.
- Draw a block diagram.
- Test for continuity of components and devices,
- Design was carried out.
- Studying of various component used in circuit.
- Construct the circuit.
- Finally, the whole device was cased and final test was carried out.
1.7 PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to this study. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective, limitation, application and scope of this study were discussed.
Chapter two is on literature review of this study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.
Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.
References
- Liguang Xie; Yi Shi;Hou, Y.T.;Lou, A., “Wireless power transfer and applications to sensor networks,” Wireless Communication, IEEE, VOL.20, no.4,pp.140,145, August
- Basharat Nizam, “Inductive Charging Technique,”IJETT, Volume4,ISSUE4; April 2023; ISSN:2231-5381.
- Tesla, Nikola (2023) Experiment with AC of very high frequency and their application to methods of Artificial
- Senthil M and Pandiarajan.K, “A Review of Wireless Power Transmission,” IJERA, Vol3, Issue 1,2013,pp.1125-1130;ISSN:2248-9622
- “Global Qi standard power up wireless charging” PR News wire.UBM PLC. 2 September 2019
- Dilip Chaurasia, Santosh Ahirwar, “A Review on Wireless Electricity Transmission Technique”Current trends in Technology and Science , Volume:2, Issue 4, July 2013, ISSN:2279-0535
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
From this Wireless power transmission mobile charger circuit using inductive coupling experiment, we conclude that wireless charging through inductive coupling is a better way for future energy transmission systems, that is wireless electricity, because with this technology we can transfer power wirelessly to charge electronic equipment, vehicles, etc.
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
In the implementation of this project what has proved most difficulties is the selection of the right value of components some were using two diode (the maraine value), in order to have a perfect full wave rectification, we made use of four diodes and the and a functional portable battery is been designed and constructed.
Due to the possibility of this, it has surely put smiles on the face of most people like some motorist who has long been finding it difficult charging there own batteries at their homes and at their convenient time.
